Immediate Implant Placement Simultaneously with Ridge Augmentation in the Maxillary Esthetic Region Using Allograft versus Autogenous Bone Rings

Objective: To evaluate allogeneic versus autogenous bone rings (harvested from the chin) for ridge augmentation the of maxillary esthetic zone simultaneously with implant placement. Materials and Methods:  This randomized clinical trial included 14 patients who were seeking implant rehabilitation of partially edentulous atrophic ridge the in the esthetic zone. The patients were randomly and equally divided into two groups; immediate implants were placed simultaneously with each autogenous bone ring from chin group I (control group) and, with allogenic bone ring group II (study group). The evaluation was done immediately (T0), postoperatively at 1 month (T1), at 3 months (T3), and after 6 months (T6) to assess implant stability, soft tissue healing, relative buccal bone volume, and bone gain and bone loss around the dental implant. Results: The fourteen patients were randomly divided into two groups; 3 females and 4 males in group I and 2 females and 5 males in group II. Their ages ranged between18 to 45 years old with the mean age of both groups 31 years, standard deviation was 31.0+- 10.65 for group I and 31.0+-11.69 for group II. No statistically significant differences were found between both groups in implant stability, soft tissue healing, bone density, relative buccal bone volume, and buccal bone gain but the bone loss was higher in group I than group II with a statistically significant difference between them (1.61mm² versus 1.21 mm²). Conclusions: The bone ring approach either allogenic or autogenous reduces treatment time for restoring function and aesthetics even in the severely atrophied alveolar bone.